Right to Die for Terminal Illness Essay Example for Free

Right to Die for Terminal Illness Essay Historically, the Greeks and Romans were tolerant of assisted suicide. If no relief could be provided to ease the suffering of a dying person, it was acceptable for that person to request help to end their suffering (Voluntary, 1). If you look throughout the world today, there are only three countries whose governments have initiated policies legalizing the right for their terminally ill citizens to request voluntary euthanasia, those countries being Switzerland, Belgium, and the Netherlands (Euthanasia, 1). In the United States, there are only three states that have successfully passed similar legislation giving a person this right. Oregon in 1997 and Washington and Montana in 2009 passed into law an assisted suicide law for the terminally ill (Frequently†¦). As supreme ruler for the month, I would adopt Oregon’s Death with Dignity Act on a federal level and take it a step further by legalizing euthanasia under extreme circumstance for the terminally ill. We live in a country where abortion, whether you like it or not, is legal. If we as a society allow pregnancies to be aborted, then why wouldn’t it be acceptable to legalize a person’s choice to request assisted suicide from a terminally ill disease? Just for clarification, I do not believe in or condone suicide. It is in the extreme circumstances of a terminally ill disease where all other resources have been exhausted that I find this as a vial alternative. I am not an advocate for abortion either. The unborn are not given a choice but it is legally practiced for the time being. With assisted suicide for the terminally ill, they at least can be given the choice to end their personal suffering on their own terms. I therefore, under these circumstances, find assisted suicide (euthanasia) more humane and legally acceptable due to the precedence set by abortion. The program that I would pass into law would be very similar to the Death with Dignity Act currently used by the State of Oregon. In this Act, a competent patient, 18 and older, diagnosed with a terminally ill disease with less than six months to live with no life-saving alternative available may request their physician to provide them with a lethal dosage of narcotics for self-administration (Frequently†¦). The patient will be evaluated by a second physician and a psychological exam is performed if necessary to legitimize the request (Frequently†¦). If the person is found to be of sound mind and it is determined all medical avenues ave been exhausted, the patient will be granted access to the life ending medication. The patient at any time retains to the right to withdraw the request (Frequently†¦). If the patient’s physician finds this morally objective, they retain the right to remove themselves from the case but cannot inhibit the request if all criteria have been met (Voluntary, 3). In this case, a new physician will be assigned to the case to oversee the life ending treatment. As a second part of this Act, a Medical Power of Attorney (MPA) euthanasia clause will be exercised to expedite the death process at the request of the patient. In the advanced stages of death, one who has accepted their fate but is no longer competent, if granted through the MPA by the patient and absence of personal gain by the MPA, this clause will be included in the Act to administer life ending medication or euthanize the patient by the physician at the request of the MPA. In lieu of further hospice treatment or as part of, such as morphine, the MPA may exercise their right to request life-ending drugs be administered to the patient. I see this as an extension of the DNR. In cases where a patient has been removed from any medical treatment and death is imminent, hours or days, per multiple physicians prognosis, and the patient is more or less unresponsive, the MPA may exercise the euthanasia clause in lieu of further pain treatment or medical induced coma. Again, in the case where the physician finds this act immoral, they have no obligation to comply but if all the criteria have been met at the patients documented request, the physician will be required to remove themselves from the case and an alternate physician be assigned to see out the request. A patient’s request for assisted suicide or MPA euthanasia must be documented and recorded through the hospital system and with the local authorities (Frequently†¦). This request can be included in the patient’s living will, DNR request, or on a separate legal document. The documentation process of the requestor must be witnessed by two or more persons with only one witness being of blood relation (Frequently†¦). A full psychological evaluation of the patient may be performed by the hospital or legal authority to ensure the requestor is of sound mind when the documents are executed (Frequently†¦). The legal authorities must also be notified when a requestor will be exercising their right to assisted suicide before any life ending medication can be administered or released to the patient. According to ELDR Magazine, a study released in May 2008 reports these â€Å"death with dignity† laws are gaining national momentum (Elder, 1). This study goes on to explain many of the respondents would choose to be placed in medical coma even if it were to quicken the death process and even more would choose to be taken off life support measure if they were in a vegetative state (Elder,1). It also states that over 80% of respondents felt the right to die is a personal decision and not one to be controlled by the government or religion (Elder, 1). This being the case, by implementing a federal Die with Dignity Act, it would grant people the freedom to die in a manner that reflects their personal choice, and the physicians who administer these requests would not be subject to legal ramifications. On a personal note, in the last two years, I have lost my father to cancer and my grandfather to a fatal stroke, both of whom I was very close with. I was the main caretaker for my father over his last six months and watched over him through a lot of painful times, especially towards the end. I often wonder if there were laws that allowed the freedom of choice towards expediting the death process, would my father have exercised this right? It’s hard to lose a loved one but it’s also hard to watch them experience such great suffering. You emotionally suffer right along with them. When my time comes, will I want my children to feel helpless? To suffer along with me to the last breath? Or will I be able to grant them the power to ease my suffering and theirs?

Mary Barton by Elizabeth Gaskel Essay -- Papers

Mary Barton by Elizabeth Gaskel Elizabeth Gaskell's Nineteenth Century novel, Mary Barton, is an example of social realism in its depiction of the inhumanities suffered by the impoverished weavers of Manchester, England. The main story in Mary Barton is that of the honest, proud and intelligent workingman so embittered by circumstances and lack of sympathy that he finally murders a mill owner's son as an act of representative vengeance. In growing embittered, he becomes as a natural consequence, more isolated in his community; both humanity and faith lose their power to guide him. Mary Barton, his daughter, really loves Jem Wilson, who is arrested after having threatened the murdered man for trying to seduce Mary, and it is her efforts that produce the melodramatic last minute evidence that saves him. Against the novelistic background of this murder and the central love stories, Mrs. Gaskell outlines her main themes of life in Manchester during the early stages of the Industrial Revolution and of the conditions that initiated the Chartist Movement. Thus, the historical background of Mary Barton is as much, if not more important than its strictly novelistic aspects. Manchester becomes a symbol of the outrageous conditions endured by the laborers, instead of a real city in itself. It is always grimy, oppressive, and ugly, just like the lives of its inhabitants. The only detail the author gives us is with the individual homes, not with the city itself. It is almost as if she were afraid of impairing the city's inherent symbolism by describing any actual streets or shops. Even when wealth is shown, as with the Carsons, the setting is still ugly and drab; the only difference is that the drabness has been made comfor... ... led up to the Chartist Movement. Despite the author's concentration on the social aspects of the situation, she has nonetheless succeeded in providing us with the main points of the new economy and its laws. Mary Barton tells the story from the laborer's point of view, but we are not without knowledge of the mill owner's side of it either, especially through the philosophical wisdom of Job Legh. In her attempts to present the plight of the laborer in Manchester, Elizabeth Gaskell has not neglected to make us understand the importance and significance of the industrial movement, as well as the great possibilities it possessed. It is, perhaps, a dated novel. However, it is important in its delineation of the social, political, and economic forces that were at work in England from 1835 -- 1850, and it is an attempt to bring them all into harmonious focus.

Principles of Farm Animal Husbandry – Intensive and Extensive Farming

The terms intensive and extensive within farm animal husbandry refer to the methods animals are raised and processed. Intensive farming – Generally referred to as industrial and factory farming, this method is used to aid mass production of meats and dairy. Farm animals are kept in specially built units all year round in order to better control feeding and management. Examples of these can be found in battery cages to house chickens to aid egg collection, and farrowing crates to restrict sows within breeding units. Animals can be fed, watered and cleaned by automatic systems such as feed hoppers and drinkers. Extensive farming – Can also be linked with free-range, animals are able to freely move around and graze outdoors. This method is usually utilised in regions with a lesser demand, such as more open rural areas. There are some cases where animals can be part intensive and extensively farmed. For example, a sheep may spend the majority of it's time outdoors, but will be brought indoors and intensively farmed during lambing season. One of the negative impacts created by intensive farming is the increase in manure. Before intensive farming was introduced, farmers would ordinarily spread livestock manure onto fields for the crops benefit. However, some farmers have begun specialising in areas, crop growing or livestock, which means intensive livestock farmers have to store slurry, which can emit methane, and then travel to areas where this can be disposed of. However, this can be argued as a benefit to farmers who still produce crops as well as manage livestock as the slurry is readily available in great quantity to aid growth of their crops. Another problem appears to be the welfare of the farm animals. Instead of being able to display natural behaviours such as grazing, social and maternal instincts outdoors as with extensive farming, these animals are kept in confined spaces, which can cause signs of discomfort, lameness and even aggression. That being said, intensive farming is essential in order to keep supplying food to an ever growing population. The Five Freedoms The original concept first appeared within the Report of the Technical Committee to Enquire into the Welfare of Animals kept under Intensive Livestock Husbandry Systems, the Brambell Report, December 1965 (HMSO London, ISBN 0 10 850286 4). This acknowledged the need for farm animals to have freedom â€Å"to stand up, lie down, turn around, groom themselves and stretch their limbs† â€Å"The Five Freedoms are: 1. Freedom from hunger and thirst – By ready access to fresh water and a diet to maintain full health and vigour;† Ensure troughs, nipple drinkers and any other feeding instruments are at an appropriate location and height for animals, and that these instruments are cleaned and checked for blockages on a daily basis. All cattle require that sufficient roughage be readily available. Sheep require fresh, clean water be available at all times. â€Å"2. Freedom from discomfort – By providing an appropriate environment including shelter and a comfortable resting area;† Ensuring there is enough space for the animal to move freely and have fresh, clean bedding appropriate to that species, such as straw. A pigs resting area should remain dry, which can be achieved by being on a slightly higher level than its dunging area. â€Å"3. Freedom from pain injury or disease – By prevention or by rapid diagnosis and treatment;† Livestock housed intensively should be kept in buildings with an effective ventilation system and kept out of draughts to minimise respiratory problems. Monitoring for signs of disease, stress, illness, infestation and lameness is essential to ensure this can be dealt with appropriately and promptly. Ensuring all farm animals have appropriate vaccinations against diseases, such as bluetongue in cattle. Procedures should be in place to isolate and treat any injured or sick animal. Any animals should be humanely killed if found to be incurable. â€Å"4. Freedom to express most normal behaviour – By providing sufficient space, proper facilities and company of the animals own kind;† Farmers should determine space allowance according to animal, class, age, and size. For example, DEFRA provide this table as an example of good practise within housed sheep – (1) Normal social interaction is important too, for example, pigs housed indoors are kept in groups after weaning, usually separated by gender. Toys, like footballs, can also help with the enrichment of the animal. â€Å"5. Freedom from fear and distress – By ensuring conditions and treatment to avoid mental suffering.† (2) Ensuring stock-keepers are fully trained and have the knowledge and skills to carefully manage any farm animal sympathetically, from being able to handle and herd the animals effectively, to providing accurate injury or illness care. Environment and Housing Requirements for Pigs The Welfare of Farmed Animals (England) Regulations 2003 states there are different requirements, in terms of space and temperature, dependant on the stage, size and class of pig. Though, some factors have to be taken into account throughout all types, such as comfortable and dry bedding, which can be seen in all the below images, as the college farm uses clean, fresh straw throughout. (3) (4) Farrowing Sows and Piglets – The image directly below shows a sow with ten piglets within the farrowing village in the college farm. This shows the sow and piglets have enough space to stand up and manoeuvre, inside and out of the arc. The above images show a drinker, providing clean fresh water, and a feeding trough providing pellets. Weaner and Rearing Pigs – The same regulations state the minimum unobstructed floor area available to each weaner and rearing pig should be at least – (5) The above picture shows the colleges pigs in first stage. Weaners and rearer pigs should have adequate space in order to exercise, feed and for all pigs to lie flat on their side simultaneously, which the above pictures demonstrate. The images also show feeding troughs are raised and at an accessible height for the pigs to feed comfortably and separately from resting areas. Dry Sows and Gilts – (6) (2) As well as being able to move around freely, the pigs resting area requires to be elevated in comparison to its dunging area to ensure their resting area remains clean and dry. Concrete slatted floors are used within the pig unit as this proves to be smooth and easy to keep hygienic and also not slippery which could lead to accidents and injury. Lighting, ventilation and temperature control is also vital to promote pig health. The college pig units provide natural lighting and ventilation within the roofs, the latter of which help remove noxious gases and control temperatures. Controlling the pig's feeds and bedding also helps maintain the appropriate temperature. As mentioned previously, the recommended temperature varies dependant on the category of pig, the table above shows this. Livestock Health and Welfare There are two main factors to be taken into account whilst discussing health and welfare, those being mental and physical. In terms of livestock mental health and welfare, one of the factors to take into account would be the animal's stimulus. This could be objects the animal can entertain itself with, such as a ball, or even just animals of the same species to interact with. An animal may suffer mentally or become stressed if it is left segregated without anything to aid mental enrichment. On the physical side, illnesses common within certain farm animals may be a problem if not properly vaccinated against, illnesses such and foot and mouth among pigs and cattle. Respiratory problems can occur if housing for farm animals does not have the required ventilation measures in place. Issues could occur during the transportation of livestock; whether this is physical in that the animal is mishandled or if the transportations flooring is not so as to prevent slipping, or mentally in that the animal may become stressed, especially if force is used within the process. All these aspects and more all come down to one main factor, stockmanship. Providing stock-keepers have the acquired knowledge and skills from onsite training and relevant courses, these factors should all be well manageable. From handling skills and care, to preventing and treating illnesses and parasites, and other general maintenance required to ensure health and welfare is upheld.

Marriage Is No Longer A Right - 918 Words

In the recent decades, the marriage trends has been gradually transforming. The image people have about marriage nowadays might be completely different from that of before. People have become more invested in getting to fulfill emotional needs from marriage. In For Better, For Worse: Marriage means Something Different Now, Stephanie Coontz explains that marriage is no longer a means to control sexuality, parenting or division of labor between men and women; the focus is shifted to love. As a result, instability of marriage may arise. Moreover, people would rather remain single or get divorce solely based on love. She argues that living together has also become a popular alternative to traditional marriage. Coontz believes that increased participation of women in the labor force and education has slowed down marriage. She reports that many countries are also adjusting laws for divorce, unmarried couples with children, including same-sex couples. Coontz argues that promoting traditional values may no longer be enough to restore the importance of marriage. She rejects that easier access to divorce harms marriage, arguing that people are not enthusiastic to give up their rights. Coontz concludes that marriage has evolved for better or worse and people need to accept the reality. As Coontz has explained, many people preferences in marriage has changed but some of these changes might cost more harm than the benefits it brings. In fact, the most apparent victims of theseShow MoreRelatedIs Marriage Still Relevant?1701 Words   |  7 PagesIs Marriage Still Relevant? Many things have changed over the course of time. Change ranges from what people wear to how people talk. Change in inevitable, but one of the largest changes is the relevancy of marriage. Marriage has changed greatly over time, the help of many outside influences. Due to the changes of culture and influences, the institution or act of marriage is irrelevant because, marriage is no longer needed to classify gender roles, it is no longer needed for some legal rights, it’sRead MoreMarriage Is An Institution That Is Important1455 Words   |  6 Pages Marriage is an institution that is very sacred to many people in the world as well as an old institution. Therefore ideas about marriage have changed throughout the years as well as ideas about sex and gender, for these concepts have been notoriously linked and effect one another’s evolution. The Eighteenth Century marked a period of changing attitudes of marriage and therefore sex and gender. For centuries before this period, the Catholic Church dominated the domain of marriage, controlling theRead MoreSociety s View Of Homosexuals1469 Words   |  6 PagesOn July 20th, 2005 Canada became the first country outside of Europe to give same-sex couples the legal right to marry. This was a huge benchmark in North America, because same-sex couples now shared equal rights with straight couples (Makarenko, 2007). There are many events within society that lead to this legalization, such as the unjust imprisonment of Everett Kilppert. Society’s view of homosexuals has changed drastically since the 1960’s, when homosexuality was an incriminating offence, accordingRead MoreMarriage Is The Legal Or Officialising Process913 Words   |  4 PagesMarriage is an institution that ages back to ancient societies. It offered a secure environment and legal benefits to facilit ate the granting of property rights. Marriage is the legal or officialising process by which two people under go to be recognized publicly and by law .It is the joining  of two people in a bond that relatively lasts until death,  but in practice is increasingly cut short by divorce .Marriage allows a couple to have a stable relationship that is recognized by the state and byRead MoreThe Rights Of Gay And Lesbian Couples Essay1536 Words   |  7 Pagesthe majority believe that they deserve the rights they are granted with the aid of the government. An upstanding citizen who pays their taxes, serves their network and abides by means of the regulation must be afforded the rights of an American. however, no longer all residents are afforded same rights. gay and lesbians are continuously denied rights which are typically taken for granted through the common American. particularly, gay and lesbians couples are denied the proper to marry even supposingRead MoreHow the Western Con cept of Marriage has Changed Essay990 Words   |  4 Pagescultures, more than 90 percent of people marry by age 50. Studies show that healthy marriages are good for couples’ mental and physical health† (â€Å"Marriage and Divorce,† 2014). For children, growing up in happy homes help with their mental, physical, educational, and social well-being. Unfortunately, about 50 percent of married couples in the United States divorce. The rate is even higher for subsequent marriages (â€Å"Marriage and Divorce,† 2014). The social institution influence (structural) differs fromRead MoreShould Gays Be Allowed to Marry1476 Words   |  6 Pages2012 Argumentative Essay on Gay Marriage Marriage: a legally recognized relationship, established by civil or religious ceremony, between two people who intend to live together as sexual and domestic partners. Typically this is between a man and a woman, in love, as they come before their families, to pledge to spend the rest of their lives together. As times continue to evolve around the world so has the idea and laws concerning marriage. Marriage is no longer just about a man and a woman committingRead MoreIs Marriage A Defunct Proposition?1501 Words   |  7 PagesIs Marriage a Defunct Proposition? We now live in a time where most people think that marriage is no longer important and that it has no meaning anymore. If that was really the case, then we need to ask the question why so many people still choose to get married. In the essay â€Å"The case against marriage†, by Jessica Bennett and Jesse Ellison, the authors mistakenly argue that marriage is a defunct proposition. The authors argue that marriage is a broken institution, it does not make sense anymoreRead MoreMarriage Law : The Legal Union Of A Couple As Spouses1642 Words   |  7 PagesMarriage is defined as the legal union of a couple as spouses. The elements of marriage include: (1) the parties legal ability to marry each other, (2) mutual consent of the parties and (3) a marriage contract as required by law. (Legal Information Institute, 2014, n.d.). In the United States, marriage law is regulated by the individual state. Standards such as age, residency, relation, mental capacity, and gender are require ments regulated on a state-by-state basis. Until recent changes, the DefenseRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal988 Words   |  4 Pagessex couples. The same basic right to share your bond with your loved one for the rest of the world to see through paper and ring has been denied by law and church, until June of 2015. Some argue that they had the opportunity to combine in what is known as a civil union. But this type of marriage union only gives them legal protections as a couple but only on the state level. Which means no federal protections and move to another state and those same protections no longer imply to you. In this paper

Graduation Speech On Student s Progression Into University

Assessment Topic: Student transition to University Experience of Students Progression into University: BKEY401 Professional Competences Student Name: Quynh Nguyen Student Number: W1547448 Module Leader: Evgeniya Macleod Seminar Leader: Ailu Hiew Word Count: 858 Date: 20th October 2015 In this essay I will be assessing the different areas of a student transitioning to university. I will be discussing the key issues and challenges, which students may experience within their transitions and how they will be able to deal with the difficulties they may have during their first year of university, in addition to this there are strategies and actions they can take in order for their transition to be effective. The experience students have can all vary on different students individual perspectives. This could all determine on the kind of students that will be studying at the university, firstly you have students who will be studying within their region or those who decides to move abroad to study which are known as international students. When students transition to university, there are many challenges and issues that students will encounter. Briggs, A., Clark, J, and Hall, I, (2012, p2) mentions in his article â€Å"a significant social displacement, which may be intensified where the student is mature, is the first in their family to attend university†. This indicates that students may feel pressured by their family members and having an expectation due to them being theShow MoreRelatedReasons For Delaying Summer Born Children1410 Words   |  6 Pagesborn. The same conclusions were drawn: it is the age of student rather than birth month that limits them. Sharp also found that only 12% of summer born children continued onto further education to take A levels compared to 17% of autumn born children who did. This may be a result of their immaturity (social, emotional, cognitive and/or behavioural) which could in turn lead to stress and failure. Fewer summer born children attend university than their older pe ers which is perhaps also as a resultRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.: An Innovator of Change2438 Words   |  10 Pagescampaigns, the March on Washington, and civil rights rallies throughout the United States. Due to his strenuous work for equal rights, King Jr. was one of the major reasons for the passing of the Civil Rights Bill in 1964 (Bennett). Martin Luther King Jr.’s hard-working, dedicated personality is one of the predominant reasons that there are civil rights in the United States; if it were not for his actions, today’s society would be completely different. 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The American Revolution Marked A Historical Time For The

The American Revolution marked a historical time for the country particularly with regards to the acquisition of freedom and the country’s independence from the British. It was also a time when America began to establish itself as a force to reckon with on a global scale, proven by their win. There were various advantages and disadvantages held by both parties during the war, particularly revolving around the competence of each army, the availability of supplies, and other important factors that will be highlighted accordingly. The main advantage held by the United Kingdom is that their army was considered to be the best in the entire world, a reputation that they had earned for proper coordination and execution of tactics.†¦show more content†¦Additionally, the Loyalists offered their support during the time of war, another aspect that was to the advantage of the British. It is important to point out that they could afford to buy Hessians (mercenaries from Germany) t o help them during the war, which increased the size of their army. On the other hand America also had its advantages especially relating to their position. For one, they fought on their own land, a factor that benefited them as they understood the landscape and were able to plan ahead. It was easier for them to determine where to attack from, and how to coordinate the attacks based on the terrain and weather. Additionally, they had efficient knowledge of the use of firearms that they acquired in their previous wars and in their interactions with the British in the past. America was involved in several wars against other countries in the past, and this enabled them to learn how to use firearms more efficiently as they displayed during the revolution. Prior to the war, Americans interacted with other European countries and they were able to improve on their weaponry. There was also a need for superior weaponry in the country, which further encouraged more inventors and innovators in the country. By the time of the revolution, America had superior artillery in comparison to the British. This proved to be beneficial for them as they were able to hold off the British and compensate for their other disadvantages. In addition to theShow MoreRelatedAbigail Adams : The American Revolution Essay1288 Words   |  6 PagesAbigail Adams: Born November 11, 1774 in Weymouth, MA. She’s the wife of John Adams, first lady of the United States, and the son of John Quincy Adams. In particular, she played a huge role in the American Revolution. Abigail Adams served as the Massachusetts Colony General Court who commissioned her, along with a few other women, to talk to ladies in the area who were loyal to the British. This was only the first of her dealings with women s influence in politics. Because she and her husband wereRead MoreThe Impacts Of The American Revolution And The French Revolution825 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Atlantic world. Without historical documents, we could not see the effects of these revolutions and new ideas to its fullest accuracy. From the likes of the French Revolution with famous document The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen and Toussaint L’Ouverture’s Letter to the Directors of France to the famous Spanish Revolution Document Address to the Congress of Angostura by Simon Bolivar, the documents provide different perspectives on how each revolution had the largest impact on theirRead More Thomas Paine Essay1437 Words   |  6 PagesThomas Paine For many years Thomas Paine was the epitome of American histories greatest drawback. In American history there is always that one detail that doesn’t make it into popular curriculum. Whether it be the point of view from the loosing side of a war, to the secret dalliances of a popular politician, to the truth of a times social opinion- the American student is taught only so much. The most proper, popular material makes it in; along with any major facts too commonly known to ignoreRead MoreAnalysis Of John Keats s Poetry1013 Words   |  5 Pagesexceptional. Historical content Keats, a romantic poet, wrote â€Å"To Autumn† in 1819. Although literary critics of his time dismissed him he has since been considered a classic Romantic Period poet and â€Å"To Autumn† has by each generation been found to be one of the most perfect poems in English language (Bate 1963, pg. 581). Biographical context John Keats experienced great loss in his life. 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A Mid Summer Nights dream A Comedy with serious elements Essay Example For Students

A Mid Summer Nights dream: A Comedy with serious elements Essay Nineteenth-century Romantic writers espoused Shakespeares use of tragicomedy in the belief that his plays closely mirrored nature, and they used him as a model for their works. In the Renaissance, tragicomedy became a genre of play that mixed tragic elements into drama that was mainly comic. The Comedies of Shakespeare, which form more than a third part of his dramatic work, belong to every period of his career as a writer, except one. During a few years, soon after the opening of the seventeenth century, he turned away from comedy, or rather he was drawn by some irresistible attraction to explore the tragic depths of The results of his passionate inquisition of evil entered into the spirit of his latest plays, which we might name romances rather than comedies, and hence the study of Shakespeares lighter and brighter work cannot be wholly dissociated from the study of that in which terror and pity are the presiding powers. (Gayley 637) A Mid Summer Nights Dream is often portrayed as a comedy of errors; however, some might question the characteristics that distinguish it as being utterly comic. A comedy is commonly defined as a play that is suitable to a tragedy employs a plot but then lighten to a happy conclusion. Nonetheless, a comedy generally does not have serious elements throughout it. A Mid Summer Nights dream has several serious elements throughout it causing one to doubt its categorizations a comedy. Thus, leading to the conclusion that A mid Summer Nights dream is a tragicomedy, which emphasizes that The problems and conflicts within the play are not trivial or for eliciting laughter as would happen in a comedy, but instead are very serious, involving all different aspects of the play: Humans, Supernatural, and its main comic relief, the actors. Theseus promises Hippolyta that though he wooed her with his sword, he will wed her with pomp, with triumph, and with reveling-with a grand celebration to begin at once and last until the wedding (I.i.19). By this he refers to the way they met, which was presumably in combat, when she was the Queen of the Amazons. Such event represents the influence power had on love, and contrasts with the romance in the story. It adds a sense of seriousness to the play in the way that it divulges the unhappy truth that marriage was often not manipulated by affection, but by authority. In A Midsummer Nights Dream, Shakespeares Athenian Theseus, with a Roman standard of generic purity, compared the rude mechanicals description of their play, very tragical mirth, to hot ice, and he wondered whether the discordant mixture of the merry and the tragical might be made concordant. Chaff notwithstanding, Shakespeare in other plays was able, in Theseuss words, to find the concord of this discord. (Dukore 1) Not much after Theseus and Hippolytas relationship status is portrayed, another serious element follows, which involves Hermias fate. Egeus demands that the law punish Hermia if she fails to comply with his demands, which are to marry someone she does not love, Demetrius, instead of the love of her life, Lysander. This makes contrast with Hippolytas situation, however shows the consequences that would have occurred if she hadnt made this decision. Theseus speaks to Hermia sharply, telling her to expect to be sent to a nunnery or put to death. This also conveys the gravity put upon marriage, and the triviality placed on love. The seriousness in the threat of sending ones own daughter to get killed based on her disobedience to get marries it very grave and takes away from the comic aspect of the Play. These features of trouble in love belong to a tragicomedy, Some characteristics (of a tragicomedy) are: pure love and gross love often being contrasted. (Thrall, and Hibbard 491) .uc329cabeccf6fd7443fb8b02f36bd6b7 , .uc329cabeccf6fd7443fb8b02f36bd6b7 .postImageUrl , .uc329cabeccf6fd7443fb8b02f36bd6b7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc329cabeccf6fd7443fb8b02f36bd6b7 , .uc329cabeccf6fd7443fb8b02f36bd6b7:hover , .uc329cabeccf6fd7443fb8b02f36bd6b7:visited , .uc329cabeccf6fd7443fb8b02f36bd6b7:active { border:0!important; } .uc329cabeccf6fd7443fb8b02f36bd6b7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc329cabeccf6fd7443fb8b02f36bd6b7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc329cabeccf6fd7443fb8b02f36bd6b7:active , .uc329cabeccf6fd7443fb8b02f36bd6b7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc329cabeccf6fd7443fb8b02f36bd6b7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc329cabeccf6fd7443fb8b02f36bd6b7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc329cabeccf6fd7443fb8b02f36bd6b7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc329cabeccf6fd7443fb8b02f36bd6b7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc329cabeccf6fd7443fb8b02f36bd6b7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc329cabeccf6fd7443fb8b02f36bd6b7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc329cabeccf6fd7443fb8b02f36bd6b7 .uc329cabeccf6fd7443fb8b02f36bd6b7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc329cabeccf6fd7443fb8b02f36bd6b7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Do public and private affairs between the two families in Romeo and Juliet count as separate or as one unit in society EssayShakespeare also places solemn characteristics in the supernatural fractions of the play. Oberon and Titania have an argument, one could say, mainly to prove which has more authority. The conversation turns to a little Indian boy, whom Oberon asks Titania to give him. But Titania responds that the boys mother was a follower of hers before she died; in honor of his mothers memory, she will hold the boy near to her. Oberon declines to be with her, saying that they will be under hostility until she gives him the boy. The conflict between Oberon and Titan ia imports into the fairy realm the motif of love being out of balance. This fight over an Indian boy has a serious sense to it because of the consequences it has to everyone surrounding them. Their disagreements cause irregularities in weather, thus, disturbing everyone. These factors make this scene a serious one, in which the audience also questions the description of this play as a comedy. Oberon takes his argument with Titania too far when he begins to play with her love affairs by converting Bottom, one of the actors into a donkey and making her fall in love with him. The Love potion had gone too far, this is demonstrated when by trying to fix Helenas and Demetrius relationship, Hermias and Lysanders was destroyed. The damage done to these relationships also stands for a serious element due to the fact that it has arose more imbalance. To the audience, the controlling of affection is not comic, instead, it shows romantic tragedy in the sense that they have gotten so far into t his prank, that it might be hard to repair. The conflict is resolve with incredible rapidness, the climatic moment between Titania and Oberon, during which she agrees to give him the Indian boy isnt even shown onstage, but is only described. Thus, demonstrating the expected ending of a tragicomedy, as turning out to be a happy one. tragicomedy usually meant a serious action, as in tragedy, with a happy ending, as in comedy; (Dukore 1) Now theyve worn out their out-of-shape brains to put on this play for your wedding (V.i.150). Philostrate says this to Theseus when presenting to him the play that the couples would be watching in their wedding. The craftsmen had worked really hard to put together this play, and although they were awful at portraying it as a tragedy, their dreadful acting abilities made the tragedy a type of comedy. The actors are then told that if they dont do a outstanding performance they will be hanged for not entertaining the grooms and brides. This is a serious element because despite all the hard work and practice, the actors are destined to be hanged due to their lack of talent. This causes the audience to feel pity for the actors, whom they have grown close to by their distinct personalities. tragicomedy usually meant a mixture of aristocratic personages, appropriate to tragedy, with humble characters, appropriate to comedy (Dukore 1). The mixture of humble craftsmen with aristocratic noble men also conveys the aspect of a tragicomedy that define this play. However, the characters are not hanged due to the comic features in the play, and as Theseus states For never anything can be amiss, when simpleness and duty tender it. (V.i.152) As his career developed Shakespeare tended more and more to bring contrasted genres of tragedy, comedy and history closer together. Tragicomedy can best be described as a passage through unhappiness to happiness. Unlike a comedy, the characters actually suffer significant misfortunes, usually concerning the imbalance of love. However, tragicomedy also differs from tragedy, because the characters can overcome these hardships through self-sacrifice. In a tragedy, the mistakes of the hero are irreversible ones, and nothing he/she can do will alter the decisions that bring about his/her downfall. Within tragicomedy, the protagonist can realize his/her mistakes, and even if the consequences of his actions are severe, the hero can endure and sacrifice enough and eventually he/she will be rewarded with forgiveness and renewal that lead to their happy ending. A Mid Summer Nights dream embodies a tragicomedy based on the evidence that it is a comedy due to its various aspects of humorous elem ents, as well as the serious components throughout it. The serious sections throughout the play consist of human imbalance of love, jealousy that angers the fairies and the fear of punishment of the actors.